I've always known a VHF radio is good for about 17 miles. This is based upon the curvature of the earth and VHF signals traveling in a straight line. I believe the figure given includes a reasonable distance above the water for a boat antenna. A tall antenna sending or receiving would allow the comminucation to go through over a longer distance.
I will say, I did have an occurance where I needed to call the coast guard via VHF while off the coast of Gloucester. Funny thing was a received a reply from Coast Guard station Woods Hole(Falmouth), their antenna on a very high tower made that reception possible. They of course passed me along to Coast Guard station Boston and we worked things out from there.
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