Gotta haves:
A Safe Boater Education Certificate (this coming year if your under about 42)
http://www.boat-ed.com/nh/handbook/whomayoperate.htm
an anchor with line (8-12 lb danforth type)
a chart or map (I like Bizer)
Not required but will keep you from having a bad on the water:
another anchor (slightly smaller danforth ) really needed if you want to visit crowded sandbars